Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic skin condition characterized by red, irritated, and itchy patches of skin. These areas can become cracked and bleed if scratched, increasing the risk of skin infections. In some cases, the patches may ooze, weep, or crust over. Eczema is most common in children, often resolving by adulthood, but adults can sometimes experience recurrences. Without proper care, repeated scratching can lead to thickened, leathery skin, a condition called lichen simplex chronicus.
Eczema is typically diagnosed through a visual examination of the skin combined with a detailed patient history. In some cases, a small skin sample may be taken for lab testing to rule out other conditions that mimic eczema symptoms.
No, eczema is not contagious. It cannot be spread from one person to another.
The exact cause of eczema is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve an overactive immune response. Children with a family history of eczema, allergies, or asthma are more likely to develop the condition. Eczema symptoms can be triggered or worsened by factors such as:
Perspiration
Sudden or extreme temperature changes
Stress
Contact with irritants like detergents, soaps, or cleaning products –
Overdrying of the skin due to long, hot showers or baths
Preventing flare-ups involves identifying and avoiding triggers, such as harsh soaps, detergents, and hot showers. Regular use of moisturizers can help keep the skin hydrated and reduce symptoms. For more severe cases, a doctor may prescribe oral or topical medications to manage inflammation and itching. Light therapy (phototherapy) may also be recommended for some individuals.
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Vic P.Miracle Mile Pediatrics
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