Asthma And Allergies

What is asthma?

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that causes the linings of the airway to become extra sensitive to irritants, resulting in inflammation and constriction of the airways and excessive production of mucus, all of which can cause problems with breathing. Asthma can be triggered by irritants and allergens like dust, pollen and smoke, and it can also be triggered by temperature extremes and physical activity. Colds and other illnesses can also trigger as asthma flareup.

What causes allergies?

Allergies occur when the body's immune system overreacts to a trigger, like dust, pollen, smoke, mold, plant oils, detergents, foods or pet dander. Some medicines can also cause allergic reactions. Allergic reactions can cause respiratory symptoms which may seem similar to those associated with asthma, and they can also cause other reactions, including rashes, hives and digestive problems.

How can I tell if my child has allergies or asthma?

The only way to know for sure if your child has allergies or asthma is to be evaluated by a doctor. Asthma typically causes a wheezing or hissing sound during breathing, so your doctor will listen carefully to your child's lungs to determine if these sounds are present. In a few cases, asthma can occur even without these sounds, so careful evaluation as well as a review of symptoms and what your child was doing in the hours and moments before symptoms occurred is very important to an accurate diagnosis. Allergies may also be diagnosed with special testing including skin patch testing to determine the cause of the reaction.

How are allergies and asthma treated?

Allergic symptoms like hives, runny nose and itchy eyes can be treated with antihistamines. Severe allergic reactions may require an injection of epinephrine. Asthma is usually treated with an inhaler used to deliver medication to open the airways and improve breathing.